narcotics control bureau 禁毒局
anti-narcotics police 緝毒警
二、涉及“毒品”的歷年真題
2012年考研英語閱讀Part A
Come on Everybody’s doing it. That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure. It usually leads to no good-drinking, drugs and casual sex. But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the word.
21. According to the first paragraph, peer pressure often emerges as
(A) a supplement to the social cure
(B) a stimulus to group dynamics
(C) an obstacle to school progress
(D) a cause of undesirable behaviors
【答案】 (D)
【解析】2012 年考研英語閱讀 Part A出自2011年3月時(shí)代周刊上一篇有關(guān) Herd Mentality 的文章。設(shè)問為來自同齡人的壓力通常會(huì)變成為什么,選項(xiàng)A:a supplement to the social cure 對(duì)社會(huì)治療的一種補(bǔ)充,選項(xiàng)B:a stimulus to group dynamics 對(duì)團(tuán)隊(duì)活力的一種促進(jìn),選項(xiàng)C:an obstacle to school progress 對(duì)學(xué)校進(jìn)步的一種阻礙,選項(xiàng)D:a cause of undesirable behaviors 不良行為的起因。
本題屬于段落推理題,依據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞peer pressure often emerge as=become 回到原文查找到第一段第三句It usually leads to no good---drinking, drugs and casual sex.(意為:它指代前面的同輩人的壓力通常不 會(huì)導(dǎo)致任何好處,比如喝酒、毒品和亂性),由此可見同輩人的壓力通常會(huì)給人帶來壞處,也就是說帶來消極的結(jié)果,屬于貶義的方向,因此選項(xiàng)D中的 cause 和原文的 lead to, undesirable behaviors 屬于不好習(xí)慣的上義詞,但都屬于同義替換的命題技巧。
2004年考研英語完形填空真題解析
Other identifiable causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased 38 of drugs and alcohol, and the growing 39 of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, although a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.
38.【解析】(D) 語義銜接/詞匯辨析題。Other identifiable causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increasedof drugs and alcohol…此句的含義為“其他的能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)的導(dǎo)致犯罪行為的原因包括上學(xué)受挫和失敗,毒品和酒類產(chǎn)品的……”。選項(xiàng)A. expense花費(fèi),支出;B. restriction 限制;C. allocation 分配;D. availability可利用性,有益,可得到的東西。本題所在的語句表述的是造成青少年犯罪的因素之一,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中availability最符合題意,意為“毒品和酒越來越容易得到”。A項(xiàng)expense容易誤選,其含義為“花費(fèi),開支”不符合句義。
39.【解析】(A) 語義銜接題。Other identifiable causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased availability of drugs and alcohol, the growingof child abuse and child neglect.此句的含義為“其他的能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)的導(dǎo)致犯罪行為的原因包括上學(xué)受挫和失敗,毒品和酒類產(chǎn)品的存在,虐待孩子和忽略孩子的……越來越多。” 選項(xiàng)A. incidence 發(fā)生,發(fā)生率;B. awareness 意識(shí);C. exposure 暴露;D. popularity 普及,流行。結(jié)合上下文我們可以看出命題人所要表達(dá)的是虐待孩子和忽視孩子也提高了青少年犯罪率。因此正確答案為A,這些事情發(fā)生率的增長(zhǎng)會(huì)造成更多犯罪。